Effects Of Steroid Hormones And Neuropeptides On Social...

Acephalia A Review of the Effects of Steroid Hormones and Neuropeptides on Social-Emotional Behavior Bos, Peter A., Panksepp, Jaak, Bluthà ©, Rose-Marie, van Honk, Jack (2011). Acute effects of steroid hormones and neuropeptides on human social–emotional behavior: A review of single administration studies. Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology 33 (2012) 17-35. 1. Introduction/Background Information The discovery of hormones and their function has been relatively recent. The term was first coined by Professor Earnest Starling in 1905. He derived the word from the Greek meaning â€Å"to arouse or excite.† However, the idea of the role hormones could be traced back as far as ancient Greece. Though Hippocrates’ theory on humors has been refuted, the†¦show more content†¦The neuro-developmental effects of these chemicals are comparatively well-known, while their impact on human conduct has yet to be fully comprehended. 2. Goals of the study The main goal of this study was to review all of the placebo-controlled single hormone administration studies addressing human social-emotional behavior, involving the peptides oxytocin and vasopressin, and the steroids testosterone and estradiol. This research gives insight into the underlying neural mechanisms and also demonstrates substantial hormonal control over human behavior. After reviewing and discussing the placebo-controlled studies, they proposed a theoretical model that synthesized detailed knowledge of neuroendocrinology of social-emotional behavior in animals, as-well-as the recently gained data on humans. The study of emotional and behavioral disorders have become more popular in the last twenty years. Characteristics of these irregularities include: learning disabilities that are not explainable by either sensory, health, or intellectual factors; persistently inappropriate feelings and conduct; and/or chronic unhappiness or depression (gadoe.or g). The authors of this study thoroughly analyzed the underlying neural mechanisms of supplemental hormones and how they affect participants as opposed to using a placebo. Research into human behavior as it relates to neuroendocrinology will be crucial to future generations and their interrelations. 3. Methods and